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1/*************************************************************************
2* Title: I2C master library using hardware TWI interface
3* Author: Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch> http://jump.to/fleury
4* File: $Id: twimaster.c,v 1.3 2005/07/02 11:14:21 Peter Exp $
5* Software: AVR-GCC 3.4.3 / avr-libc 1.2.3
6* Target: any AVR device with hardware TWI
7* Usage: API compatible with I2C Software Library i2cmaster.h
8**************************************************************************/
9#include <inttypes.h>
10#include <compat/twi.h>
11
12#include <i2cmaster.h>
13
14
15/* define CPU frequency in Mhz here if not defined in Makefile */
16#ifndef F_CPU
17#define F_CPU 16000000UL
18#endif
19
20/* I2C clock in Hz */
21#define SCL_CLOCK 400000L
22
23
24/*************************************************************************
25 Initialization of the I2C bus interface. Need to be called only once
26*************************************************************************/
27void i2c_init(void)
28{
29 /* initialize TWI clock
30 * minimal values in Bit Rate Register (TWBR) and minimal Prescaler
31 * bits in the TWI Status Register should give us maximal possible
32 * I2C bus speed - about 444 kHz
33 *
34 * for more details, see 20.5.2 in ATmega16/32 secification
35 */
36
37 TWSR = 0; /* no prescaler */
38 TWBR = 10; /* must be >= 10 for stable operation */
39
40}/* i2c_init */
41
42
43/*************************************************************************
44 Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction.
45 return 0 = device accessible, 1= failed to access device
46*************************************************************************/
47unsigned char i2c_start(unsigned char address)
48{
49 uint8_t twst;
50
51 // send START condition
52 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWSTA) | (1<<TWEN);
53
54 // wait until transmission completed
55 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
56
57 // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
58 twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
59 if ( (twst != TW_START) && (twst != TW_REP_START)) return 1;
60
61 // send device address
62 TWDR = address;
63 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN);
64
65 // wail until transmission completed and ACK/NACK has been received
66 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
67
68 // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
69 twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
70 if ( (twst != TW_MT_SLA_ACK) && (twst != TW_MR_SLA_ACK) ) return 1;
71
72 return 0;
73
74}/* i2c_start */
75
76
77/*************************************************************************
78 Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction.
79 If device is busy, use ack polling to wait until device is ready
80
81 Input: address and transfer direction of I2C device
82*************************************************************************/
83void i2c_start_wait(unsigned char address)
84{
85 uint8_t twst;
86
87
88 while ( 1 )
89 {
90 // send START condition
91 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWSTA) | (1<<TWEN);
92
93 // wait until transmission completed
94 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
95
96 // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
97 twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
98 if ( (twst != TW_START) && (twst != TW_REP_START)) continue;
99
100 // send device address
101 TWDR = address;
102 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN);
103
104 // wail until transmission completed
105 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
106
107 // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
108 twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
109 if ( (twst == TW_MT_SLA_NACK )||(twst ==TW_MR_DATA_NACK) )
110 {
111 /* device busy, send stop condition to terminate write operation */
112 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWSTO);
113
114 // wait until stop condition is executed and bus released
115 while(TWCR & (1<<TWSTO));
116
117 continue;
118 }
119 //if( twst != TW_MT_SLA_ACK) return 1;
120 break;
121 }
122
123}/* i2c_start_wait */
124
125
126/*************************************************************************
127 Issues a repeated start condition and sends address and transfer direction
128
129 Input: address and transfer direction of I2C device
130
131 Return: 0 device accessible
132 1 failed to access device
133*************************************************************************/
134unsigned char i2c_rep_start(unsigned char address)
135{
136 return i2c_start( address );
137
138}/* i2c_rep_start */
139
140
141/*************************************************************************
142 Terminates the data transfer and releases the I2C bus
143*************************************************************************/
144void i2c_stop(void)
145{
146 /* send stop condition */
147 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWSTO);
148
149 // wait until stop condition is executed and bus released
150 while(TWCR & (1<<TWSTO));
151
152}/* i2c_stop */
153
154
155/*************************************************************************
156 Send one byte to I2C device
157
158 Input: byte to be transfered
159 Return: 0 write successful
160 1 write failed
161*************************************************************************/
162unsigned char i2c_write( unsigned char data )
163{
164 uint8_t twst;
165
166 // send data to the previously addressed device
167 TWDR = data;
168 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN);
169
170 // wait until transmission completed
171 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
172
173 // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits
174 twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8;
175 if( twst != TW_MT_DATA_ACK) return 1;
176 return 0;
177
178}/* i2c_write */
179
180
181/*************************************************************************
182 Read one byte from the I2C device, request more data from device
183
184 Return: byte read from I2C device
185*************************************************************************/
186unsigned char i2c_readAck(void)
187{
188 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWEA);
189 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
190
191 return TWDR;
192
193}/* i2c_readAck */
194
195
196/*************************************************************************
197 Read one byte from the I2C device, read is followed by a stop condition
198
199 Return: byte read from I2C device
200*************************************************************************/
201unsigned char i2c_readNak(void)
202{
203 TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN);
204 while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
205
206 return TWDR;
207
208}/* i2c_readNak */